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Fort Loncin, near Liege, destroyed by 42cm howitzers during the advance through Belgium. Western Europe was a beehive of activity in August 1914. France mobilized 78 infantry and 10 cavalry divisions for the heroic charge into the “martyred provinces” of Alsace- Lorraine. These “pioneers in the great war of revenge,” as Chief of Staff General […]

Ten-inch guns on disappearing mounts at Fort Casey, Washington state. Source: The Coast Defense Study Group Cannons of the Valdivian Fort System in Niebla, Chile, an example of a coastal defense. Defense of one’s own coasts against enemy seaborne assault. Throughout history, the offensive use of naval power against the shore has prompted the development […]

Diagram of German M19 5cm automatic mortar as sited in the Channel Islands and at points on the Atlantic Wall. Rheinmettall-Borsig produced ten studies into developing a complete system for an automatic mortar before making a final choice which would become the M19 5cm Maschinengranatwerfer. The operational role of the system was to provide firepower […]