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While some British military officials had doubted that the Japanese were capable of challenging the mighty British Empire, more farsighted leaders realized as soon as full-scale war broke out with Germany in 1940 that Hong Kong could not be defended. But they also stressed the need to hold on to the colony to maintain face […]

The Royal Navy cruiser HMS Swiftsure, entering Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong, through North Point on 30 August 1945. The document of surrender was signed by Japan on 16 September 1945 in Hong Kong. Collaboration took different forms and assumed various levels of intensity. As soon as the Japanese flag was raised in Central District on […]